WCAG (Level A) SC 1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded) (W3.org)
Issue description
WCAG 1.2.2, “Captions (Prerecorded)” is a Level A success criterion, meaning it’s a fundamental requirement for basic accessibility. It mandates that all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media, such as videos, must have captions provided. This is essential for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, as captions provide a text-based representation of the audio information, including dialogue, sound effects, and other non-speech sounds that contribute to understanding the content. Without captions, these users would miss out on crucial information and be unable to fully engage with the media.
Essentially, this guideline ensures that video content is not limited to those who can hear but is also accessible to those with auditory disabilities. It promotes inclusivity and equal access to information for everyone, regardless of their hearing abilities.
Related requirements
The following WCAG source criteria are often related to this as well. They can provide additional insights into specific challenges you may be encountering.
Who this issue impacts
Follow the links for additional information on user impairments:
Suggestions for remediation
To ensure accessibility for WCAG 1.2.2, “Captions (Prerecorded)” that is exclusively audio or video:
- For audio-only content: Provide a transcript: Offer a complete and accurate text transcript of the audio content, including spoken words, sound effects, and any other relevant auditory information. This allows users who are deaf or hard of hearing to access the content.
- For video-only content: Provide captions or audio descriptions: Captions: If the video has important visual elements that are not conveyed through audio, provide synchronized captions to describe these visual elements (e.g., scene changes, on-screen text, visual cues).
- Audio descriptions: If the video lacks audio or the audio does not convey all essential information, provide a separate audio track with narration that describes the key visual elements, actions, and emotions.
- Alternative media: In some cases, you may consider creating an alternative version of the video that combines the audio and visual information in a different format (e.g., a text-based summary or a simplified version with both audio and visual elements).
By implementing these remediations, you can make your prerecorded media accessible to a wider audience, including individuals with disabilities. Remember to ensure that the alternatives provided are equivalent in presenting the information and functionality of the original content.
